multi-factor authentication (MFA)

Charlie Yianni

min read

What is MFA?

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) is a security process that requires users to provide two or more verification factors to gain access to a system, application, or account. It adds an extra layer of protection beyond just a username and password.

By requiring multiple forms of identification, MFA helps prevent unauthorized access, even if a password is stolen or leaked.

How does MFA work?

MFA uses a combination of the following factors:

Something you know: a password or PIN
Something you have: a smartphone, hardware token, or smart card
Something you are: a fingerprint, facial recognition, or other biometric

A common MFA setup involves entering a password and then confirming a temporary code sent to your mobile device or email.

Why is MFA important?

Reduces the risk of breaches: Even if a password is compromised, MFA blocks access without the second factor.
Protects sensitive systems and data: Especially important for remote work and cloud access.
Meets compliance standards: Required by many security frameworks (e.g., NIST, PCI DSS, HIPAA).
Prevents common attacks: Helps stop phishing, credential stuffing, and brute force attacks.

MFA is a foundational security control in today’s cloud-first world. It complements tools like SSO (Single Sign-On) and IAM (Identity and Access Management) by ensuring that only verified users can access your systems.

Is MFA the same as 2FA?

Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) is a type of MFA that specifically uses two different forms of authentication. All 2FA is MFA, but not all MFA is 2FA. MFA may involve three or more factors for even stronger security.